Clery Crime Definitions

Murder and Non-Negligent Manslaughter

• The willful (non-negligent) killing of one human being by another. 

Negligent Manslaughter

• The killing of another person through gross negligence.

Any sexual act directed against another person, without the consent of the victim, 包括 incidents where the victim is incapable of giving consent.  

强奸 

• 的渗透, 无论多么微不足道, of the vagina or anus with any body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of another person, without the consent of the victim.

被溺爱的人 

• 为了性满足而触摸他人的身体私处, without the consent of the victim, 包括受害者因其年龄或因其暂时或永久的精神或身体丧失行为能力而无法给予同意的情况.

乱伦

• 在法律所禁止的婚姻范围内相互有亲属关系的人之间发生的性行为.

法定强奸罪

• Sexual intercourse with a person who is under the statutory age of consent.

The taking or attempting to take anything of value from the care, 以武力或威胁使用武力或暴力和/或使受害者处于恐惧之中来拘留或控制一个或多个人.

一个人为了造成严重或加重的身体伤害而对另一个人进行的非法攻击. 这种类型的攻击通常伴随着使用可能造成死亡或身体严重伤害的武器或手段.

The unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or a theft.

The theft or attempted theft of a motor vehicle.

Any willful or malicious burning or attempt to burn, with or without intent to defraud, 住宅, 公共建筑, motor vehicle or aircraft, personal property of another, 等.

仇恨/偏见犯罪是一种刑事犯罪，有证据表明受害者是故意选择的，因为犯罪者对受害者有偏见.

Under the Clery Act possibly bias categories include: 比赛, 性别, 性别认同, 宗教, 性取向, 种族, 国家的起源, 和残疾.

比赛

对具有共同身体特征的一群人预先形成的消极态度, e.g., color of skin, eyes, and/or hair; facial features, 等., 通过血统和遗传遗传而遗传的，这使他们成为人类的一个明显的分支.g., Asians, blacks or African Americans, whites).

性别

对某人或一群人基于他们实际的或感知到的性别而预先形成的否定的意见或态度, e.g.男性或女性.

性别认同

性别认同:基于一个人或一群人实际的或被认为的性别认同而预先形成的对他们的负面看法或态度, e.g., bias against trans性别 or 性别 non-conforming individuals. 不符合性别是指一个人不符合社会对性别的期望, e.g., a woman dressed in traditionally male clothing or a man wearing makeup. A 性别 non-conforming person may or may not be a lesbian, 同性恋, 双性恋 or trans性别 person but may be perceived as such.

宗教

对一群在宇宙的起源和目的以及至高无上的存在与否等问题上有相同宗教信仰的人预先形成的否定意见或态度, e.g., Catholics, Jews, Protestants, atheists.

性取向

偏见:基于一群人实际的或感知到的性取向而预先形成的对他们的负面看法或态度. 性取向 is the term for a person's physical, 浪漫的, and/or emotional attraction to members of the same and/or opposite sex, 包括同性恋, 同性恋, 双性恋, and heterosexual (straight) individuals.

种族

成见:预先形成的对一群人的消极看法或态度，这些人的成员通过共同的传统而相互认同, often consisting of a common language, 共同的文化(通常包括共同的宗教)和/或强调共同祖先的意识形态. 族裔的概念不同于与其密切相关的术语“种族”，因为“种族”指的是主要基于生物学标准的群体, while "种族" also encompasses additional cultural factors.

国家的起源

偏见:基于一群人的实际出生国或被认为出生国而预先形成的对他们的负面看法或态度. 这种偏见可能是针对那些名字或口音与某个民族有关的人, participate in certain customs associated with a 国家的起源 group, 或者因为他们与某一国籍的人结婚或交往.

残疾

偏见:基于一群人身体或精神上的缺陷而预先形成的对他们的负面看法或态度, whether such disability is temporary or permanent, congenital or acquired by heredity, 事故, 受伤, advanced age or illness.

For Clery purposes, hate crimes include any offense that is motivated by bias. FBI UCR General and Hate Crimes include:

• Murder and Non-Negligent Manslaughter
• 性犯罪
  • 强奸
  • 被溺爱的人
  • 乱伦
  • 法定强奸罪
• 抢劫
• 加重攻击罪
• 入室盗窃
• 机动车辆盗窃
• 纵火
• Larceny-Theft (see below for definition)
• Simple Assault (see below for definition)
• Intimidation (see below for definition)
• Destruction / Damage / Vandalism of Property (see below for definition)

Larceny-theft, 简单的攻击, 恐吓, 和破坏, 损害, 或者破坏财产的行为只有在受到偏见的驱使时才会被报道，这种偏见是由偏见类别之一(种族)决定的, 性别, 性别认同, 宗教, 性取向, 种族, 国家的起源, 和残疾.) They are not reported under the general Clery Act crime statistics.

Larceny-Theft:非法占有, 携带, 领先的, 或从他人的占有或推定占有中剥夺财产. 推定占有是指一个人没有实际的监护权或占有, but is in a position to exercise dominion or control over a thing.

简单的攻击: 一个人对另一个人进行非法的身体攻击，但双方都没有出示武器, 受害者也没有明显的严重或加重的身体伤害，包括明显的骨折, 牙齿脱落, possibly internal 受伤, 严重裂伤, or loss of consciousness.

威胁: 通过使用威胁性的言语和/或行为，非法地使他人处于对身体伤害的合理恐惧之中, but without displaying a weapon or subjecting the victim to actual physical attack.

Destruction / Damage / Vandalism of Property: to willfully or maliciously destroy, 损害, 破坏, 或者未经所有者或保管或控制该财产的人的同意，以其他方式损害实物或个人财产.

与受害者有或曾经有浪漫或亲密社会关系的人实施的暴力.

这种关系的存在应根据报告方的陈述并考虑到:

• The length of the relationship.
• The type of relationship.
• The frequency of interaction between the persons involved in the relationship.

A felony or misdemeanor crime of violence committed:

• By a current or former spouse or intimate partner of the victim;
• By a person with whom the victim share a child in common;
• By a person who is cohabitating with, or has cohabitated with, the victim as a spouse or intimate partner;
• By a person similarly situated to a spouse of the victim under the domestic or family violence laws of the jurisdiction in which the crime of violence occurred; or
• 根据暴力犯罪发生地的家庭暴力法或家庭暴力法，受保护的成人或青年受害者不受其行为的侵害.

从事一种针对特定的人的行为，这种行为会导致一个理性的人担心这个人的安全或他人的安全，或遭受严重的情感痛苦.

• 行为路线: 两次或两次以上, 包括, 但不限于, acts in which the stalker directly, 间接, or through third parties, 通过任何行动, 方法, 设备, 或者意味着, 遵循, 监控, 观察, 监视, 威胁, or communicates to or about a person, or interferes with a person's property.
  
  
• 合理的人: 一个与受害人有相似情况和相似身份的人.
  
  
• Substantial emotional distress: Significant mental suffering or anguish that may, but does not necessarily, require medical or other professional treatment or counseling.